Richard Strauss (June 11, 1864 – September 8, 1949) was a German composer of the late romantic era, particularly noted for his tone poems and operas. He was also a noted conductor. His 1896 composition Also sprach Zarathustra (Thus Spoke Zarathustra) is well known today for its use in Stanley Kubrick's film 2001: A Space Odyssey. Before and during the 1939-45 War, he was criticised as a Nazi sympathiser, and held an official (musical) post. This claim is not entirely accurate. He lost the job when he refused to remove the name of a Jewish librettist from a programme.

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